Category Archives: OJT

An Examination of the Relationship between Wage and Salary, Employee Satisfaction, and Organizational Performance in the Context of Globalization

Wage and salary is given to the employee for the work he has done for the organizational needs. There is meaningful relationship of wage and salary with the satisfaction or dissatisfaction of the employees. The performance of the employee and his production and productive capacity largely depends upon the wage and salary he is paid. Pertaining to the globalization and international change scenario. Today, the policy Since, there has been comprehensive change in the wage and salary dimensions makers insists on the Human Resource elements behind their achievement prospects and they are quite aware that as per the present scenario the market challenges can not be obtained without adequate wage and salary given to the employees.

Classification of field of work

1	Works	72
2	Non Works	12
Total		84

Grade Classified

SNo.	Class interval	No.	Percentage
1	S1-S3	10	11.9
2	S4-S6	28	33.3
3	S7-S10	34	40.5
4	E0-E6	12	14.3
TOTAL		84	100

Qualification Classified

SNo.	Qualification	No.	Percentage
1	Matric,ITI	23	27.4
2	Graduate	34	40.5
3	P.G.(+)	15	17.8
4	B.E. Dip (+)	12	14.3
TOTAL		84	100

Age Classified

SNo.	Class interval	No.	Percentage
1	20-30 (yrs.)	12	14.3
2	30-40 (yrs.)	20	23.8
3	40-50 (yrs.)	35	41.7
4	50 & above	17	20.2
TOTAL		84	100

Length of service classified

SNo.	Class interval	No.	Percentage
1	0-10 (yrs.)	14	16.7
2	10-20 (yrs.)	26	30.9
3	20-30 (yrs.)	35	41.7
4	30 & above (yrs.)	9	10.7
TOTAL		84	100

Different segments of the questions

Satisfaction with the Pay Packages
Social Security
Planning and Process of Wage Administration
Reliability of Management
Reliability of Trade Union
Possible factors of Dissatisfaction
Accountability and Dedication of the Employee

CONCEPT

The classification of this study in the following stages will determine the level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction of the employees of BSP on their Pay Packages. However, this phenomena has deviation during the course of time and different situations, yet the core significance of wage and salary remains unchanged and the work culture on. HR climate of the organization should be maintained sustainable to the objectives of the organization.

SALIENT FEATURES OF THE STUDY

Planning and Policy of wage salary administration

Execution of wage policy

Employees expectation and fulfillment of their motives

Reliability of management

Reliability and honest approach of trade unions on pay-fixation issues.

Social security, the prime concerned of the employee

Possible factors of dissatisfaction of the employees

Management and employees interface

Classification and Interpretation of the

Responses with graphical presentation

SEGMENT-I : SATISFACTION WITH THE PAY PACKAGE

TABLE–1 (Q.1) : Personal contribution in the production

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 55 65.5 2 Agree 28 33.3 3 Disagree 1 1.2 4 Highly disagree – – Total 84 100

As evident

Interpretation :

The employee gives his incredible mental or physical contribution in the process of production. In this context the employee should be given adequate remuneration which he deserves. This factor becomes more significant particularly in the process of heavy steel production and he starts thinking that he will be awarded justified wage or salary for the valuable contribution he has given.

About 65.5% respondents have opined that they are an important contributor in the process of production. About 33.3% of the total reply are also agreed with this opinion. Therefore, it can be said that about 98.8% fully agree or in the favour of this statement. Only, a very negligible number of respondents i.e. 1.2% are disagreed with the statement.

TABLE–2 (Q.2) : Organizational working condition is very tough

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 11 13.2 2 Agree 39 46.4 3 Disagree 29 34.5 4 Highly disagree 5 5.9 Total 84 100

Interpretation : As evident from

Interpretation :

The working condition in the steel plants are very hazardous and unsafe to the employees. Very often the employees who are working in such a complex situation expect high salary due to number of risk factors. And their expectations of wage and salary direct relationship with the working conditions.

About 59.6% (Fully Agree) respondents realized that the working condition of the plant is very dangerous and complex. And their expectation for salary will be equal to that table. But about 40.4% respondents who are disagreed with this statement. However, it will be interesting to see the reflection of theses factors on their level of satisfaction.

TABLE–3 (Q.3) : Satisfaction with the pay package and other benefits

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 15 17.8 2 Agree 39 46.4 3 Disagree 15 17.8 4 Highly disagree 15 17.8 Total 84 100

Interpretation :

This statement was given to assess the level of satisfaction of the employees for the salary they are being paid.

In this, regard it has been observed that a very high percentage of employees are either highly satisfied or satisfied with the salary and other facilities given to them by the organization.

About 64.4% (fully agree) respondents are in the favour of this statement. But there are 35.6% who are either dissatisfied or highly dissatisfied with their existing salaries.

TABLE–4 (Q.8) : Right salary paid to the employees for their hard work

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 14 16.6 2 Agree 38 45.2 3 Disagree 20 23.9 4 Highly disagree 12 14.3 Total 84 100

Interpretation : As evident from

Interpretation :

BSP employees are committed for comprehensive effort to fulfill the objectives of the organization. In this regard, they have to face quite difficult challenges to fulfill the organizational goals.

This statement has been widely accepted by 61.8% (Fully Agree) respondents, but quite a good number of employees (38.2% i.e. Totally Disagree) do not find that they are properly paid for their hard work.

TABLE–5 (Q.9) : Comparatively high salary with the salary of other organisation

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 3 3.6 2 Agree 38 45.2 3 Disagree 41 48.8 4 Highly disagree 2 2.4 Total 84 100

Interpretation : As evident from

Interpretation :

The emergence of private companies, M.N.C and corporate sectors has brought new concept of salary and perks. The Government Organisations are inflexible in this regard. This factor has also brought conceptual change among the employees.

About 48.8% (Fully Agree) find it they are being paid high salaries in comparison to the other organisations. But 51.2% (Totally Disagree) respondents has revealed that rather low salary in being paid to them in comparison to the other organsiation.

SEGMENT-II : SOCIAL SECURITY

TABLE–6 (Q.10) : Confident to take care of the family with the existing salary

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 7 8.3 2 Agree 56 66.7 3 Disagree 13 15.5 4 Highly disagree 8 9.5 Total 84 100

Interpretation : As evident from

Interpretation :

The social factor of every employees is closely related with the salary and incentives he is getting. This can also be one of the greatest motivational factor if he is paid optimum level of salary.

It is, great honor for BSP in this regard that they are fully confident and find secure with a salary they are getting. About 75.0% have given this opinion. But quite a few (25.0%) employees find insecure with their present salary.

TABLE–7 (Q.11) : Savings from the salary for future needs.

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 14 16.7 2 Agree 41 48.8 3 Disagree 20 23.8 4 Highly disagree 9 10.7 Total 84 100

Interpretation : As evident from

Interpretation :

The social security is prime objective for the employees for the survival of his family in future time. His level of satisfaction will be considered if he is able to spare some money for his future.

In this regard, about 65.5% (Fully Agree) respondents are able to spare some money for their future, and this is quite an encourageous factor for this organization. On the other hand, there are about 34.5% employees who are not able to save money.

SEGMENT-III : PLANNING AND PROCESS OF WAGE ADMINISTRATION

TABLE–8 (Q.16) : Separation of wage and salary determination for BSP from SAIL

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 32 38.1 2 Agree 30 35.7 3 Disagree 13 15.5 4 Highly disagree 9 10.7 Total 84 100

Interpretation : As evident from

Interpretation :

BSP has been identified by giving best performance in the achievement of production target, cost control and quality products. It has been one and only one profit making unit in SAIL. In this context it was tried to know the perception of the employee rather BSP should be separated from SAIL on wage revision matter.

The perception of most of the employees are in the favour of this statement. About 73.8% (Fully Agree) that BSP should be separated form SAIL for pay-fixation matter.

TABLE–9 (Q.17) : Need of flexible pay fixation rules for good performing employees

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 31 36.9 2 Agree 38 45.3 3 Disagree 9 10.7 4 Highly disagree 6 7.1 Total 84 100

Interpretation : As evident from

Interpretation :

Excellent work should always be appreciated and it should be recognized by the authorities. But when we are studying about salary and incentive matter the significance of this recognition is indifferent.

Whether the pay fixation rules or incentive rules should be made flexible as per the performance of the employees 82.2% (Fully Agree) have opined and favoured the statement that there must be flexible rules for such kind of works.

TABLE–10 (Q.18) : Fulfillment of HODs promises for awards to the employees for good work

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 14 16.6 2 Agree 29 34.5 3 Disagree 37 44.1 4 Highly disagree 4 4.8 Total 84 100

Interpretation : As evident from

Interpretation :

Awards and recognitions are effective tools to maintain the sustainable motivation of the employees. In this regard the HOD’s must fulfill their promises.

In this regard, it has been observed in this analysis that about 48.9% (Totally Disagree) HOD’s do not fulfill their promises. This is quite discouraging and unreliable matter regarding organizational status.

SEGMENT-IV : RELIABILITY OF MANAGEMENT

TABLE–11 (Q.12) : Satisfaction with the wage revision and present pay structure

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 4 4.8 2 Agree 22 26.2 3 Disagree 31 36.9 4 Highly disagree 27 32.1 Total 84 100

Interpretation : As evident from

Interpretation :

The process of wage revision and formation of pay structure both are very important elements which gives very deep and dynamic impact upon the overall performance of the employees as well as of the organization.

The perception of the respondents in this regard is quite negative and unfavourable to the policy of the management. Only 31.0% (Fully Agree) are satisfied with the existing pay structure. But a very high percentage (69.0 % i.e. Totally Disagree) who are not at all satisfied with the existing system. This element can be recognized as the major drawback when we study about the level of satisfaction (perception of the employees of wage and salary structure).

TABLE–12 (Q.13) : Pay anomalies are quickly settled in BSP

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 14 16.7 2 Agree 39 46.4 3 Disagree 19 22.6 4 Highly disagree 12 14.3 Total 84 100

Interpretation : As evident from

Interpretation :

Pay and salary, process of education is very complicated and sensitive matter which is close to the satisfaction or dissatisfaction of the employees. The discrepancies of pay anomaly should be quickly settled.

Above, 63.1% (Fully Agree) have replied that the pay anomalies are fully satisfied. On the other hand, there are about 36.9% employees could not find the settlement time and system reliable to their own perception.

SEGMENT-V : RELIABILITY OF TRADE UNION

TABLE–13 (Q.15) : Competency and reliability of Trade Union for pay revision

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 5 5.9 2 Agree 28 33.4 3 Disagree 22 26.2 4 Highly disagree 29 34.5 Total 84 100

Interpretation : As evident from

Interpretation :

The recognized Trade Unions play vital role in the process of pay revision. As an usual process they bargain with the management and come to a satisfactory status in pay revision. They must be reliable and accountable to the employees.

In this regard, it is quite surprising and demoralizing factor that a very large number of employee 60.7% (Totally Disagree) do not have trust upon the competency and reliability of the trade union on wage revision issues.

SEGMENT-VI : POSSIBLE FACTORS OF

DISSATISFACATION

TABLE–14 (Q.4) : Process of gradation system in BSP is adequate

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 16 19.2 2 Agree 36 42.8 3 Disagree 17 20.2 4 Highly disagree 15 17.8 Total 84 100

Interpretation : As evident from

Interpretation :

The volume of satisfaction of the employees depends upon number of different elements such as, the process of pay revision, pay structure, time schedule and its implementation.

In BSP, this process is promptly taken by the management as a regular process which has been favoured by 42.8 %(Agree) and 19.2% (Highly Agree) respondents. But 20.2% (Disagree) and 17.8% (Highly Disagree) do not find this matter favourable to them. Their argument can be justified as there was sufficient delay in pay revision and pay fixation in last pay revision. This is quite serious matter where about 38.0% employees are dissatisfied with the wage revision process.

TABLE–15 (Q.5) : Difference between the pay scale of Executives and Non-Executives

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 22 26.3 2 Agree 47 55.9 3 Disagree 8 9.3 4 Highly disagree 7 8.5 Total 84 100

Interpretation : As evident from

Interpretation :

The old concept of wage and salary theories are quite different with the modern theory of wage and salary, which contents HRIS approach and scientific inputs. There has been difference in the salaries of executives and non-executives. If the difference is too much, will it effect as comprehensive impact on the performance of the employees’.

In this context, a very large number of employees (82.2% – Fully Agree) accept that there is very large difference in the salaries of executives and non-executives.

TABLE–16 (Q.6) : Satisfaction with the Incentive given to the employees

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 12 14.4 2 Agree 36 42.8 3 Disagree 21 25.0 4 Highly disagree 15 17.8 Total 84 100

Interpretation : As evident from

Interpretation :

Incentive is being given to the employees for their good performance in addition to that pay and salary. In BSP, there are different criteria for different category of work for incentive payments.

The employees who are satisfied with the existing incentive schemes are 57.2% but there are about 32.8% employees who are either dissatisfied or highly dissatisfied with the incentive schemes.

TABLE–17 (Q.7) : Equalization of Executives and Non-Executive Incentive

SNo Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 25 29.8 2 Agree 44 52.4 3 Disagree 10 11.9 4 Highly disagree 5 5.9 Total 84 100

Interpretation : As evident from

Interpretation :

a joint effort or team work particularly in steel production areas. Therefore, the common perception of the employees are that there should not be any difference on incentives between the executives and non-executives.

This factor has been broadly accepted by 82.2% (Fully Agree) respondents that the difference of incentive should be narrowed down.

SEGMENT-VII : ACCOUNTABILITY AND DEDICATION OF THE EMPLOYEE

TABLE–18 (Q.14) : Organisational objectives are more important than personal pay and salary

SNo. Perception No. % 1 Highly Agree 27 32.1 2 Agree 48 57.2 3 Disagree 5 5.9 4 Highly disagree 4 4.8 Total 84 100

Interpretation : As evident from

Interpretation :

The level of the employees satisfaction can be compared with the interest of the organization. Here, it will be tried which factor has prime importance for the employee, the salary or the interest of the organization.

The BSP work culture is very high and every employee is fully dedicated for the fulfillment of the interest of the plant. This perception has been revealed by quite a very high percent of respondents 89.3% (Fully Agree).

ANALYSIS OF RESPONDENTS AND THEIR PERCEPTIONS THROUGH CLUSTER

ANALYSIS AND K MEANS

METHODS OF CLUSTER ANALYSIS :

Various methods used in cluster analysis can be classified into two major groups : Hierarchical, Non-Hierarchical.

Here Hierachical cluster method is used. Hierachical method is simplier than non-hierachical method.

How Many Clusters :

An important question in cluster analysis is how many clusters should be formed. Several alternatives one available in this regard. First, the number of clusters may be fixed by the researcher in advance. Second, one may decide the number of clusters from the clusters pattern generated by the programme. Here second option, is extensively used to determined the number of clusters in the sample.

OUTPUT AND ITS INTERPRETATION

Table 1 : (Agglomeration Schedule)

	Cluster Combined		Coefficients	Stage Cluster First Appears		Next Stage
Stage	Cluster 1	Cluster 2		Cluster 1	Cluster 2
1	73	82	.000	0	0	9
2	31	80	.000	0	0	14
3	27	29	.000	0	0	15
4	33	75	1.000	0	0	10
5	37	65	1.000	0	0	11
6	16	63	1.000	0	0	61
7	41	51	1.000	0	0	8
8	8	41	1.500	0	7	30
9	28	73	2.000	0	1	20
10	33	77	2.500	4	0	13
11	30	37	2.500	0	5	14
12	12	54	3.000	0	0	27
13	33	74	3.333	10	0	26
14	30	31	3.667	11	2	28
15	27	81	4.000	3	0	31
16	6	67	4.000	0	0	19
17	47	60	4.000	0	0	24
18	22	48	4.000	0	0	29
19	6	7	4.000	16	0	32
20	28	79	4.667	9	0	45
21	43	72	5.000	0	0	28
22	38	70	5.000	0	0	45
23	18	59	5.000	0	0	53
24	19	47	5.000	0	17	34
25	1	2	5.000	0	0	34
26	33	78	5.500	13	0	31
27	12	58	5.500	12	0	44
28	30	43	5.900	14	21	35
29	22	52	6.000	18	0	39
30	8	21	6.333	8	0	46
31	27	33	6.467	15	26	40
32	3	6	6.667	0	19	43
33	26	83	7.000	0	0	67
34	1	19	7.500	25	24	44
35	30	56	7.714	28	0	43
36	45	76	8.000	0	0	47
37	25	61	8.000	0	0	54
38	34	40	8.000	0	0	55
39	5	22	8.333	0	29	63
40	27	35	8.875	31	0	48


41	66	84	9.000	0	0	64
42	44	64	9.000	0	0	60
43	3	30	9.313	32	35	48
44	1	12	9.467	34	27	51
45	28	38	9.500	20	22	50
46	8	49	9.750	30	0	65
47	36	45	10.000	0	36	59
48	3	27	10.352	43	40	51
49	42	57	11.000	0	0	57
50	28	53	11.167	45	0	54
51	1	3	11.845	44	48	55
52	11	14	12.000	0	0	69
53	18	55	12.500	23	0	65
54	25	28	12.714	37	50	67
55	1	34	12.793	51	38	56
56	1	46	13.097	55	0	59
57	23	42	13.500	0	49	66
58	10	20	14.000	0	0	63
59	1	36	14.458	56	47	62
60	4	44	14.500	0	42	72
61	16	17	14.500	6	0	80
62	1	68	14.886	59	0	64
63	5	10	15.250	39	58	75
64	1	66	15.583	62	41	66
65	8	18	15.800	46	53	71
66	1	23	17.053	64	57	68
67	25	26	17.056	54	33	74
68	1	9	17.512	66	0	70
69	11	71	18.000	52	0	77
70	1	39	18.048	68	0	72
71	8	62	18.125	65	0	76
72	1	4	19.070	70	60	74
73	13	15	20.000	0	0	78
74	1	25	21.107	72	67	77
75	5	50	22.500	63	0	76
76	5	8	23.889	75	71	80
77	1	11	24.339	74	69	78
78	1	13	29.967	77	73	81
79	24	32	32.000	0	0	81
80	5	16	33.104	76	61	82
81	1	24	34.855	78	79	82
82	1	5	35.433	81	80	83
83	1	69	40.313	82	0	0

From top to bottom method (stage 1-83), all N (84) samples are grouped in one cluster and then divided into different clusters on the basis of highest average within – cluster distance. This process is carried on untill each entity is a separate cluster. Therefore, stage 83 represents

cluster solution, stage 82 represents
cluster solution, stage 81 represents
cluster solution, stage 80 represents
cluster solution, stage 79 represents
cluster solution.

Now we can identify there can be 5 clusters in the data because in stage 78 another sequence starts which is not relevant for us. But still there some scope for improvement in taking cluster decisions. So, we can take the help of coefficients.

COEFFICIENTS

The difference between rows in a measure is known as coefficient (see table 1, column 4). We must look at the figure from the last row upward, we could like to have lowest possible number of cluster for reasons of economy and ease of interpretation. We see that there is a difference of (40.313 – 35.433) in the coefficient between 1 cluster solution (stage-83) and the 2 cluster solution (stage-82). This is a difference of 4.88. The next difference is of (35.433 – 34.855) which is equal to 0.578 between the stage 82, the 2 cluster solution and stage 81 at 3 cluster solution. So, in this way we can take the difference between sucessive stages. The next stage will be (34.855 – 33.104 = 1.751) between “3 cluster and 4 cluster” solution. Again the next stage will be, (33.104 – 32.000 = 1.104) between “4 cluster and 5 cluster solution. The next stage will be, (32.000 – 29.967 = 2.033) between “5 cluster and 6 cluster” solution. The next stage will be, (29.967 – 24.937 = 5.628) between, “6 cluster and 7 cluster” solution. A large difference between coefficient between any two rows (hear 5.628, rows 78, 77) indicates a solution pertaining to the number of clusters (6) which the lower row (78) represents. There after the different are same in the subsequent rows of the coefficient.

So, we should go for 6 cluster solution.

We use Euclidean Distance to find the number of clusters. This formula is used in the above explanation in a simplified way.

Formula = S (xj – Yj)^{^}2

STAGE-2

K-MEANS CLUSTER (Table-2)

(See table-2 Final cluster centers) (4-Highly agree, 3-Agree, 2-Disagree, 1-Highly disagree)

K-means procedures gives more stable clusters, since it is an interactive procedures with single pass hierarchical methods.

The final cluster centers describe the mean value of each variables for each of the six clusters.

Cluster-1 Interpretation :

The people in this cluster are fully agree with Qs. 1,2,7,14,16,17. This shows they are mostly from non-executive side and from the plant itself. They are totally dissatisfied with as 14, 13, 12 but they are able to save some money for the future (Qs. 11-2.14). This shows that they are mostly senior non-executives having slight dissatisfaction towards pay package.

Cluster-2 Interpretation :

The people in this cluster fully agree with question 1, 10, 14, 16, 17 and slightly disagree on Qs. 2. It seen that the people in this segment are from senior non-executive sides and they think their contribution to the production is a prime importance. And they also opined that the working condition is not so tough and dangerous. This proves that the people in this segment are mostly office employees.

Cluster-3 Interpretation :

The people in this cluster fully agree with the Qs. 1 to 8, 10 to 14, 16 and 17. It seems that this segment is a mixture of senior and middle non-executives with a very bad impression on trade union (2.33 lowest in this cluster).

Cluster-4 Interpretation :

The people in this cluster fully agree with qs. 1 to 9, 8 to 11 and 14. Question number 8, 9, 10, 11 (3.33 each) shows a satisfaction towards pay package qs. 5, 7, 12, 15 they totally disagree. The question 5, 7, 12 proves the people in this segments are mostly from executive sides.

Cluster-5 Interpretation :

The people in this cluster fully agree with qs. 1, 5, 7, 14, 16, 17, 18. This shows that they are mostly from non-executive sides. And they are totally disagree with qs. 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 15. The qs. number 4 show they are dissatisfied with the gradation system. They people in this cluster should be from middle and senior non-executives, who have not satisfied with their grading carries. This people has highest dissatisfaction (1.00) toward functioning of trade unions.

Cluster-6 Interpretation :

The people in this cluster fully agree with qs. 1, 5, 7. This shows they are from non-executive side and totally disagree from 17, 16, 15, 13, 12. There respondent towards 17, 16, 15 (1.5) shows they are mostly lower non-executives and in rest of the questions they give contradictory verdicts. This can be due to the low educational factor.

Uses of Quantitative Analysis

Students are expected compulsory to make the use of computerized statistical, software packages like SPSS for the purpose of quantitative analysis for the summer training report (Second Semester) as well as research project report (Fourth Semester. If possible, their use in the product survey report will be appreciated as well. It must be noted, for the M.B.A. IV Semester research project, specially, the secondary data used should be relevant to the study and it should relate to not less than 5 to 10 years. In case of trend analysis or period analysis, data relating to the same period should be considered for all variables for e.g. if you are discussing about the growth of the company in the last 10 years say 1994 – 2004, then all the data analyzed for e.g. net value added, turnover, sales or employment should relate to the same period i.e. 1994 – 2004.

A deviation of one or two years here or there in a few variables may be accepted, but no substantial disparity of period is allowed. List of Tables- The scholar provides the Tales that are used in the body of the Report. Usually the table number is given continuously in roman numerals right from the first chapter till the last chapter of the thesis. For example, 3.16 means 16th table in the third chapter. Some scholars give Arabic number for the Table in serial order from 1st to last chapter. Whatever be the numbering style used, in the list of Tables, the scholar would indicate the Table number, title of the Table and the page number in which the Table is indicated. List of Figures – This is page in which the scholar would present the list of Figures/diagrams used in the thesis.

If the Tables are numbered in roman then the figures Are numbered in Arabic numerals:

The chapter number is followed by the figures. Diagram number. For example, III.4 means the fourth figure in chapter III. Like tables, the figures or diagrams are numbered continuously, if no chapter number is indicated continuously. Photographs / Maps: Short term project, especially (product study report) should be supported with relevant photographs in appropriate number. All photographs should be followed with details. For e.g. an advertisement photograph should be supported with over comments. Maps should be inserted, wherever relevant for e.g. if there is a location study on bank branches, town map showing the location of branches should be included. Similarly maps showing retail outlets, dealers, if they are in large numbers can be used in case of product study. Bibliography: Bibliography (for e.g. on topic of product study of computers) should include references related to computer or IT.

It should also include reference from general Mgmt areas, the functional areas, for e.g. if the study is on advertisement then it should include advertisement related reference. National newspapers and financial dailies like Economic Times; Financial Express should be consulted and referred to. Name of at least 5 management journals must be included an e.g. of right way of making an entry in the Bibliography: Kotler, P.(l999) : ‘Marketing Management’ ‘Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., Gartner Report, 2000. (For Journals) All names should be alphabetically listed Appendix/Annexure: He should specify items in serial order, its title page, and the page number where it is found. For example, 1.Bibliography 2.Questionnaire/schedule used for the study, 3.Govt.policy relating to topic of the thesis. 4.Explanatory notes for the mathematical/econometric models used in the study etc.

Whenever the students use questionnaire, schedule, case analysis, structured questionnaire, the detail should be mentioned and the questionnaire should be compulsorily put in the annexure. Binding: Summer training projects and Research Project Reports should be leather bound in black, with golden embossing. While the product survey report should have spiral binding with Yellow plastic covers in back and front. The cover page should be screen printed on the yellow cover. NOTE: No fraud or manipulation of space and / or font size should be undertaken in order to increase the volume of the report otherwise the report will be rejected all. Pages must be serially numbered [printed and not hand written]. There should be no spelling/grammatical mistakes in the entire report.

Draft Reports must be got checked from respective guide well in time before finalisation:

No two reports can be the same. Therefore, individual effort will be required even if the students have worked as a team during their Research Work. Please note that if the above-mentioned instructions are not fully adhered to, the project report will not be accepted for evaluation/ Viva. Dates for submission of respective Research/Project Reports will be notified from time to time and strict adherence is solicited. The declaration and acknowledgement should be signed by the scholar. Appendices and Annexure should be serially numbered and not at random. Appendices can be numbered A,B,C…… and the Annexure should be numbered 1,2,3….. While downloading from the Internet, only relevant contents of the article should be taken and not the whole length.

The source should be given as footnote:

Declaration By the Candidate I ——————————–, a student of MBA II Semester of * School of Management, bearing Enrolment No————–, hereby declare that the Research/Project Report entitled ____________________________________is the outcome of my own work and the same has not been submitted to any University/Institute for the award of any degree or any Professional diploma. Date- (————————) Sign. Of Candidate CERTIFICATE FROM THE SUPERVISOR( in original staionary) This is to certify that Mr————————————–, a student of MBA II Semester of **** of Management, , had undertaken his practical training in our organization at —————————— for a period of 8 weeks from ————- to ————— as a partial fulfillment of his degree. During this period it has been observed that he/she is hard working, intelligent and sincere person. He/she has a potential for growth. We wish him/her all the best in his/her future endeavors.

Sign.of Supervisor ACKNOWLEDGEMENT *Express gratitude to Company officials I take this opportunity to place on record my grateful thanks and sincere gratitude to Mr——————————–,(include designation and company name) who gave me valuable advice and inputs for my study. My study could not have been completed if I had not been able to get the reference materials from the company. *Express gratitude to Guide I am immensely grateful to my esteemed guide Prof——————–whose Continued and invaluable guidance can never be forgotten by me but for whom, this study could not have got present shape. *Express gratitude to others who helped you during the research Last but not least, I would also like to express my thanks to my family members who inspired me to put in my best efforts for the Research/Project Report Sign. Of Candidate Note: – * = The headings are not required to be given.

This post was most recently updated on September 13th, 2019

Guidelines for On Line Job Training Report

Short Term Project: Before the end of 1st semester or during 1st semester, the topic of short-term project must be finalized in consent with the Director and will be supervised by the Faculty assigned by the Director.

The visit to the organization or market survey as required should be undertaken during semester break (Winter).

When & How to Proceed

The first draft of the short-term project report must be finalized according to the notified format and submitted to the supervisor within three weeks of commencement of the second semester. Thereafter the, students should remain in touch with the supervisor and carry out the changes recommended, during the presentation and submit the final draft of short-term project along with the examination form of second semester.

On the Line Job Training(OJT) : The topic for the summer training could be either from General Management area or specialized areas. It has to be finalized during the Second Semester, by the students with the identified companies.

OJT committee will be constituted in Ist semester. The committee under the guidance of faculty in charge will finalize the Summer Placement folders/ brochures to be sent to the companies and will make personal contact with the identified companies.

Thereafter the students will also approach the organisations with the introductory letters & the summer training brochures for in -plant training of 8 weeks, extendable upto a maximum of 10/12 weeks from 1st of May to.15th / 31st July as the case may be.
The students must present the letter of consent from the organisation where they have finalized the summer training by the end of the second semester.

The database with respect to Summer Training will be maintained by Summer Training committee.
The students must submit the certificate of completion of summer project from the respective organization within 3 days of the commencement of third semester. The completed project report in the notified format must be submitted within 3 weeks of the commencement of 3rd Semester.

The students must leave the address & contact No. of the organization of summer training, where they can be contacted any time during the period of summer training by the Institute.

IV Semester Research Project:

Research project is to be in the respective area of specialization of each student opted during Semester III. The topic will be decided in consultation with the supervisor assigned by the Director during the third semester and the approved\Synopsis has to compulsorily attached along with the examination form of the Third semester, otherwise the students will not be allowed to appear for 3rd Semester Examination. Form will not be accepted unless accompanied by a copy of synopsis duly approved by the Guide and Director.

The students may thereafter contact the organizations / Institutions for collecting documents, data and other material related to the project. Students may begin the work immediately after the completion of IV Sem. classroom teaching.
The report has to be submitted before the commencement of the IV Sem. Examination, otherwise the student will not be allowed to appear in the examination.

PROJECT PRESENTATION:

The Institute will announce the schedule for the presentation of the short-term project / summer training reports / research project report. All students are compulsorily required to make the presentation and attend the entire presentation – discussion session. The assessment of the presentation will be part of the evaluation of the project report.
Report Writing
Reports must be written strictly in accordance with the following guidelines.

Volume of the report

The contents of the Survey (Product study) report should be at least 50 to 60 pages. Pages should be numbered. Summer training report should be at least 80 to 100 pages in volume. The volume of Research Project should be at least 100 to 120 pages.

Fonts Used and the format of typing (with 1.5 spacing) as well as paragraph segmentation should be such as to enable easy reading of the contents. The font should be Times New Roman, Font style should be regular and font size should be12. Margin on Left hand side should be 1.5� and right hand side, top & Bottom should be 1� each.
Note for Cover Page and First Page: –
Note: No logo either of the Co. or of the University be used on the cover page. “

Note for First Page:

Note: The name of the guide for product survey report (MBA Second Semester) and research project report (MBA Fourth Semester) should be mentioned as that of the Faculty of the Institute assigned by the Director for the particular project. The name for guide for the summer project should be that of the organizational guide from the organization in which summer training was done.

A PRELIMINARY SECTION

I) Cover Page
II) First Page or Title Page
III) Certificate from the Guide (For Term end project MBAII and Research Study MBAIV and Certificate from the Organisation(For MBAIII)
IV) Declaration by the Scholar
V) Acknowledgement
VI) Preface
VII) Table of Contents
VIII) List of Table / Figures
IX) List of Photographs/Maps/Diagrams
X) List Appendixes/Annexure
The above Serial (I) to (X) should be in one page each and serially numbered in roman letter like i , ii ,iii .excluding cover page.
The pages Introduction onward should start with Arabic letter like 1,2,3 etc. till the completion of report.
B BODY OF THE THESIS/REPORT

The scholar should start writing the report as per the format given in Table of Contents.

TABLEOF CONTENTS
Contents: Page. No.
Chap I :
Introduction
-Back Ground of the Study
-Justification /Relevance of the Study
-Identification of Problem Area
e.g. Product life Cycle & Market status 1-
Chap II : Objectives of the Study
——
Chap III : Review of Literature
——
Chap IV :

Scope & Research Methodology

Hypothesis of the study( For ST& Res Study)
-Period of the Study
-Area of the Study
-Sample Design
-Tools of Analysis
-Limitations of study
. ——
Chap V Data analysis & interpretation —–
Chap VI Observations and Findings —–
Chap VII Conclusions and Suggestions —–
Bibliography.
Annexure.
Resume with Photograph (Incase of OJT only)

COVER PAGE for on line job training report

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: *Express gratitude to Company officials
I take this opportunity to place on record my grateful thanks and sincere gratitude to Mr——————————–,(include designation and company name) who gave me valuable advice and inputs for my study. My study could not have been completed if I had not been able to get the reference materials from the company.
*Express gratitude to Guide
I am immensely grateful to my esteemed guide Prof——————–whose Continued and invaluable guidance can never be forgotten by me but for whom, this study could not have got present shape.
*Express gratitude to others who helped you during the research
Last but not least, I would also like to express my thanks to my family members who inspired me to put in my best efforts for the Research/Project Report

Sign. Of Candidate

Note: –
* = The headings are not required to be given.

Before any chapter begins, insert one page with borders mentioning only the Chapter no and Title of the chapter (in large fonts).
Begin a chapter with chapter number & chapter title.

Introduction Chapter:
Introduction should explain the concept of the problem studied along with the background and the history. It should also include the review of literature (in the format discussed below) and scope and research methodology of the studied.

KALLIYA DAHAN KRSHNA AVATAR
KALLIYA DAHAN KRSHNA AVATAR
Review of Literature:
While reviewing the previous study, the scholar should focus on the objectives of such studies, concepts used, methodologies adopted, conclusions arrived at.

The scholar should normally classify this chapter in to four parts viz,
i) Review of Journal articles
ii) Review of Books
iii) Review of thesis
iv) Review of Reports.
The scholar should take care to avoid duplication and inclusion of irrelevant literature.
Always every article reviewed should be backed by the source.
Review of literature is essential in the research Project report (Fourth Semester). The students must refer to 8 – 10 reference books dealing the concept and theoretical background of the problem as well as empirical studies related to the problem studied in the research project. Further they must also refer to 5 10 journals related to the topic.
Articles in financial newspapers published and unpublished documents and reports must also be consulted.

Footnotes and References:

Footnotes and References should be inserted whenever any material from other sources as books, journal, thesis, article etc. is referred to the report. The format of footnotes and references is similar as in Bibliography (Explained later).

READ Free Online Service Offers alternative to Powerpoint

Foot notes are placed at the bottom of each page to give additional information on the source wherefrom the material used in the text is borrowed. The purpose of the footnote is to indicate the source of information used. Sometimes the material concerned may be elaboration of the reference used in the text, but not required to be produced in the body of the text. Acknowledgement of the sources may also be given in the form of foot notes .

Usually the footnote number should correspond with the number assigned for the matter in the text of the thesis. The number should be placed slightly above the footnote text. The letter size of the footnote will be lesser than that of the letter size used in the body of the thesis .Footnote is always typed in single line spacing and double line space is given in between footnotes.

Scope and Methodology:

Scope and Methodology should state the objectives and hypothesis of the study. It should detail the source of data as well as research methodology used. Hypothesis, objectives, research design, Sample design and other research method techniques should be implemented positively and hence mentioned in the report, especially in the MBA IV Sem. Research Project report.

Data analysis and Interpretation:

Table should precede graphs, charts and diagrams. Students must use a good numbers of graphs and charts-as well as diagrams. Effort should be made wherever possible to present data in terms of pie – chart and multi dimensional diagrams for effective presentation. All tables, data, maps, Charts and diagrams must be followed by effective analysis of the same.
It has been commonly observed that students do not mention the source of data at the base of tables, graphs etc. This must be taken note of.

Use of Quantitative analysis:

It must be noted, for the M.B.A. IV Semester research project, specially, the secondary data used should be relevant to the study and it should relate to not less than 5 to 10 years. In case of trend analysis or period analysis, data relating to the same period should be considered for all variables for e.g. if you are discussing about the growth of the company in the last 10 years say 1994,2004, then all the data analyzed for e.g. net value added, turnover, sales or employment should relate to the same period i.e. 1994 – 2004.

READ How to Stay Safe Walking on the sidewalk, path, or Road?
A deviation of one or two years here or there in a few variables may be accepted, but no substantial disparity of period is allowed.

List of Tables-

The scholar provides the Tales that are used in the body of the Report. Usually the table number is given continuously in roman numerals right from the first chapter till the last chapter of the thesis. For example, 3.16 means 16th table in the third chapter. Some scholars give Arabic number for the Table in serial order from 1st to last chapter. Whatever be the numbering style used, in the list of Tables, the scholar would indicate the Table number, title of the Table and the page number in which the Table is indicated.

List of Figures

This is page in which the scholar would present the list of Figures/diagrams used in the thesis. If the Tables are numbered in roman then the figures Are numbered in Arabic numerals. The chapter number is followed by the figures. Diagram number. For example, III.4 means the fourth figure in chapter III. Like tables, the figures or diagrams are numbered continuously, if no chapter number is indicated continuously.

Photographs / Maps:

Short term project, especially (product study report) should be supported with relevant photographs in appropriate number. All photographs should be followed with details. For e.g. an advertisement photograph should be supported with over comments. Maps should be inserted, wherever relevant for e.g. if there is a locational study on bank branches, town map showing the location of branches should be included. Similarly maps showing retail outlets, dealers, if they are in large numbers can be used in case of product study.

Bibliography:

Bibliography (for e.g. on topic of product study of computers) should include references related to computer or IT. It should also include reference from general Mgmt areas, the functional areas, for e.g. if the study is on advertisement then it should include advertisement related reference. National newspapers and financial dailies like Economic Times; Financial Express should be consulted and referred to. Name of at least 5 management journals must be included an e.g. of right way of making an entry in the Bibliography:
Kotler, P.(l999) : ‘Marketing Management’ ‘Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.,
New Delhi. (For reference of books)
Gartner Report, 2000. (For Journals) All names should be alphabetically listed
Appendix/Annexure:

READ Bhilai Steel Plant Is Rightly Considered As The Jewel In The Crown Of SAIL
He should specify items in serial order, its title page, and the page number where it is found. For example,
1.Bibliography
2.Questionnaire/schedule used for the study,
3.Govt.policy relating to topic of the thesis.
4.Explanatory notes for the mathematical/econometric models used in the study etc.
Whenever the students use questionnaire, schedule, case analysis, structured questionnaire, the detail should be mentioned and the questionnaire should be compulsorily put in the annexure.

Binding:

Summer training projects and Research Project Repots should be leather bound in black, with golden embossing. While the product survey report should have spiral binding with Yellow plastic covers in back and front. The cover page should be screen printed on the yellow cover.
NOTE:
1. No fraud or manipulation of space and / or font size should be undertaken in order to increase the volume of the report otherwise the report will be rejected all.
2. Pages must be serially numbered [printed and not hand written].
3. There should be no spelling/grammatical mistakes in the entire report.
4. Draft Reports must be got checked from respective guide well in time before finalisation.
5. No two reports can be the same. Therefore, individual effort will be required even if the students have worked as a team during their Research Work.
6. Please note that if the above-mentioned instructions are not fully adhered to, the project report will not be accepted for evaluation/ Viva.
7. Dates for submission of respective Research/Project Reports will be notified from time to time and strict adherence is solicited.
8. The declaration and acknowledgement should be signed by the scholar.
9. Appendices and Annexure should be serially numbered and not at random. Appendices can be numbered A,B,C and the Annexure should be numbered 1,2,3..
2. While downloading from the Internet, only relevant contents of the article should be taken and not the whole length. The source should be given as footnote.

Sources & References:
https://medium.com/@ParaphraseToolNet/definition-of-a-footnote-and-everything-you-need-to-know-for-proper-usage-f68a9e1145c1
https://libguides.murdoch.edu.au/Footnote/text

ITTECH

FIND THE GEEK IN YOU

Category Archives: OJT

An Examination of the Relationship between Wage and Salary, Employee Satisfaction, and Organizational Performance in the Context of Globalization

Uses of Quantitative Analysis

Guidelines for On Line Job Training Report

COVER PAGE for on line job training report