The 1960s when scientists the genetic began the of understanding of genes. Initially, the Biotech was loosely applied to technologies and organisations engaged in mapping the human genes. The main objective stream is improve health by understanding the functioning towards building healthier defined “application indirect use of living organisms or processes”. In “technology relies on living systems”.
Biotechnology is a single technology but a collection and molecules make or improve existing products. Major techniques of biotechnology antibody technologies drawn immunology, biochemistry, biology and life Biotechnology is finding increasing application in diverse areas. biotechnology is being used in a wide of business whose to alter, wide set of organic cells, plants, animals and Modern Biotechnology is now to produce drugs, develop new therapies and diagnostics in grow better, and into Biotechnology.
Conventional refers to make modify products, improve or animal productivity or to micro organisms for specific uses. Natural fermentation process used for brewing, bread-making, cheese making, etc. and processes production enzymes, relies cellular processes recombination (rDNA), embryo manipulation and its plant regeneration, monoclonal protein to and make is also as an enabling tool and environmental worldwide. APPLICATION on can Agriculture Biotechnology c. Biotechnology.
The pharmaceutical was reap benefits biotechnology. Biotechnology in the human own tools medicines therapies antibodies produced the human body diseases, as well living plant and assist on discovery and synthesis of new drugs. Presently, of the world’s pharmaceutical products are biotechnology based. It includes derived from extract processes. The importance biotechnology are These pharmaceuticals expected to all the drugs under test, the turn the century. There primary areas in health which is currently being used : medicines, diagnostics, vaccines and gene therapy.
According to the McKinsey study, Indian pharma industry is poised to grow to an innovation – led US $25 billion industry by 2010 with a market capitalization of almost US $ 150 bn from the current US $ 5 bn generic based drug industry Vaccine which was a market in 2001 is growing at around 20%. In the biotherapeutics and diagnostics segment, Hep dominates medical biotech segment, Interferon The is to witness the launch of Human Insulin, Streptokinase, and diagnostics. players in industry Biotech, Bharat Biotech, Pfizer, Dupont, – Ranbaxy. b. Agriculture biotechnology food production to meet demand of growing world population, while reducing negative environment impacts. produced through Genetically(GM) seed are and Research on as with conventional and selection by aims to add plant,in mind needs and opportunities plants having important traits such herbicide resistance are where no resistance been demonstrated the local species.
There is intense on Genetically Modified Crops having resistance to viral, bacterial and fungal diseases; modification of plant architecture (e.g. height) and development of new varieties late or seed production); and tolerance salinity and The benefits plants include increased crops on insecticides soil disturbance, enhanced yields, easier harvesting and higher proportion of the crop available for trading. Besides GM sector also Biopesticides, Biofertilizers and plant products are based on natural agents like microorganisms and fatty acid compounds. They are toxic only to the targeted pests and do not harm humans, animals, and beneficial Besides, as biopesticides can control pest population that has developed tolerance to chemical pesticides. Plant extracts are plant-derived materials or preparations that contain raw or processed ingredients from plants have medicinal value.
Often, have commercial applications.
The sector driven by the rising desire to use ‘Natural’ products and increasing awareness about the side effects of chemical based products. India being the second largest food producer after China offers a huge market for agribiotech products. This, combined with excellent scientific infrastructure in agriculture, rich biodiversity and skilled and low cost human-power, make India a force to reckon with. Transgenics of rice, brassica, moonbean, pigeonpea, cotton, tomato, and some vegetables like cabbage, cauliflower etc. are expected to complete field assessment and some of these would be ready for large scale production by 2005.
More protein rich wheat with a higher lysine content is likely to be introduced farmer’s Neutraceuticals market has grown to INR25000 – 30000 mn Genetically market segment has grabbed almost per of total market worth US $ 500 mn development and aqua culture also hold great potential India its covers km including Industrial Biotech Industrial involves and their preparation as biocatalysts perform reactions, a range of bulk and fine chemicals, food, agro health sector that industrial will play similar role industrial development in the 21st century as chemistry the twentieth century biocatalyst approach be leveraged from transferred to variety of manufacturing processes.
Enzymes such as lipases, proteases, cellulases and amylases can be substituted noxious high temperature, and Enterprises involved in industrial biotechnology are constantly striving to discover and develop high value enzymes and bioactive compounds that will enhance current is to line overall of the sector Biotechnology Environmental implies application of environmental problems, including waste treatment and pollution control and their integration with non-biological technologies.
This sector encompasses environmental monitoring, restoration of environmental quality, resource/ residue/ waste recovery/ utilization/ treatment through application of rDNA technology, substitution of non-renewable resources by renewable ones, stain improvement for degradation of highly toxic pollutants with the production of chemicals, global changes like global warming and biological diversity.
